Scientists from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill have found HIV-1 in semen is different than HIV-1 in blood, possibly due to changes it undergoes in the genital tract.
They found two mechanisms that significantly altered the virus population in the semen, showing that virus can grow in the seminal tract in two different ways. One way involves the rapid growth of one or more viruses in the seminal tract over a short period of time, resulting in a relatively similar population of HIV, compared to the complex population in blood. In the other way, HIV replicates in T-cells in the seminal tract over a long period, leading to a separate population of HIV in semen that is both complex and distinct from HIV in the blood, the study authors explained in the news release.
In some men, the virus population in semen was similar to that in the blood, suggesting that virus was being imported from the blood into the genital tract and not being generated locally in the genital tract
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