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How the Heart Works
The large majority of people consider the heart as the most important organ in the human body, next to the brain.
That is true, but why is the heart so important?
The reason is because the heart is a vital organ and muscle in the mammalian circulatory system, a system composed
of heart, blood, and vessels. The vessels include
arteries, which carry blood away from the heart,
veins, which carry blood to the heart, and
capillaries, which are small blood vessels that absorb carbon dioxide and cell waste and bring nutrients and
oxygen to the cells.
The purpose of the circulatory system is to circulate blood throughout your body. One hand, this blood circulation
brings nutritients and oxygen to the cells and on the otyher hand, absorbs carbon dioxide. As you can see, heart
activity essentially keeps you alive.
The heart has four chambers, the left and right atrium, and the left and right ventricle. The atria sit right above
the ventricles. The blood circulation process begins at the left ventricle, which is right beneath the left atria.
The left ventricle pumps blood through the aorta, the biggest artery, to the whole body through the rest of the arteries.
When the blood is pumped, the blood cells bring oxygen and nutrients to the cells, and receive carbon dioxide and
waste. Then, veins bring the blood back to the heart to the right atrium through the superior and inferior Vena Cava,
a huge vein. The blood cells from the lower part of the body go to the right atrium through the inferior Vena Cava,
while the blood cells from the upper part of the body go through the superior Vena Cava. Then, the right atrium pumps
the blood to the right ventricle. The right ventricle pumps the blood through the pulmonary artery, which brings
the deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
In the lungs, the blood cells pick up oxygen from the alveoli, or tiny air sacs in the
lung, and release carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide is removed from the body when the person exhales. The blood
cells return to the heart, through the pulmonary vein to the left atrium. Finally, the left atrium pumps the blood
back to the left ventricle starting the whole cycle over again.
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