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Public release date: 21 November 2008
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Spinal cord injuries could soon be 'repaired' using nose cells
People paralyzed by spinal cord injuries have been offered a new hope after Otago University researchers claimed the
wounds could soon be repaired using cells from patients' noses.
The New Zealand's Health Ministry's ethics committee has approved an application by the Spinal Cord Society, which will
open the way for a clinical trial involving 12 patients.
Noela Vallis, the society's president, said there was no shortage of volunteers ready to take part.
"Some have already gone overseas out of a sense of frustration that they can't access it [the experimental treatment]
here," the NZPA quoted Vallis, as saying.
Research director Jim Faed, who heads the Spinal Cord Society's lab at Otago University, and his team is focusing on
two promising cell types: one is a kind of adult stem cell produced by a patient's own bone marrow.
However, researchers are likely to begin trials using olfactory (scent receptor) cells from the patient's nose, injecting
them into damaged spinal cord.
"The olfactory tissue in the nose is unique because it is the only place in the body where there is constant replacement
of nerve cells throughout life," Dr Faed said.
"There is growing medical opinion that these cells can help overcome the blocks that prevent nerve cells regenerating
after damage to the spinal cord," the expert added.
The nasal tissue acts like "nurse cells", providing growth factor hormone to nerve cells, enabling them to make "meaningful
connections".
On international basis, several research groups have done animal trials using the cells, however, there has been only one
human trial - in 2006 in Portugal.
The Otago group is in contact with Portuguese neuropathologist Carlos Lima, who pioneered that trial.
Faed said some participants experienced side effects, but they were "few and manageable" and none had been fatal. Positive
benefits for patients included return of some muscle function and sensation in parts of the body, which previously had no
feeling, he said.
Faed said the Dunedin lab hoped to get full approval for the trial before Christmas, and would then begin recruiting
patients with injuries. The first 12 could start treatment next year.
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